Passive voice(bị đông cách)

bsbdonganh

Manager TTDA
1. Định nghĩa: Bị (Thụ) động cách là cách đặt câu trong đó chủ ngữ đứng vai bị động.
Ví dụ:
1. Chinese is learnt at school by her.
2. A book was bought by her.

Chú ý: Điều kiện để có thể chuyển câu chủ động sang bị động:
Thứ 1: Câu chủ động phải xác lập có được tân ngữ. (object)
Thứ 2: Câu chủ động phải có Ngoại động từ. (transitive verbs)


2. Qui tắc Câu bị động:
a. Động từ của câu bị động: To be + Past Participle (PP).
b. Tân ngữ của câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ của câu bị động
c. Chủ ngữ của câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ của giới từ "BY"
Active : Subject - Transitive Verb – Object
Passive : Subject - Be+ Past Participle - BY + Object
Ví dụ: The farmer dinks tea everyday. (Active)
Tea is drunk by the farmer everyday. (Passive)


3. Khi một ngoại động từ ở chủ động có hai tân ngữ, một trực tiếp và một gián tiếp (nhóm tặng biếu),
có thể chuyển thành hai câu bị động.
Ví dụ: I gave him an apple.
An apple was given to him.
He was given an apple by me.


4. Một số câu đặc biệt phải dịch là "Người ta" khi dịch sang tiếng Việt.
Ví dụ: It is said that = people say that ; (Người ta nói rằng)
It was said that = people said that. (Người ta nói rằng)
Một số động từ được dùng như trên: believe, say, suggest, expect, ...


5. Ta dùng động từ nguyên thể trong thể bị động:
TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE để chỉ một ý định hay sự bắt buộc hoặc sự không thể được.
Ví dụ: This exercise is to be done.
This matter is to be discussed soon.


6. Sau những động từ: to have, to order, to get, to bid, to cause hay một động từ chỉ về giác quan hoặc
cảm tính, ta dùng Past Participle (Tham khảo phần Bảng động từ bất quy tắc) bao hàm nghĩa như bị động:
Ví dụ: We had your photos taken.
We heard the song sung.
We got tired after having walked for long.


7. Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt khác:
a. Một số động từ đặc biệt: remember; want; try; like, hate ...
Ví dụ: I remember them taking me to the zoo. (active)
I remember being taken to the zoo.(passive)
Ví dụ: She wants her sister to take some photogtaphs.(actiove)
She wants some photographs to be taken by her sister. (passive)
Ví dụ: She likes her boyfriend telling the truth. (actiove)
She likes being told the truth. (passive)


8. Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt nguyên mẫu có TO: Suppose; see; make;
Ví dụ: You are supposed to learn English now. (passive)
= It is your duty to learn English now. (active)
= You should learn English now. (active)
Ví dụ: His father makes him learn hard. (active)
He is made to learn hard. (passive)
Ví dụ: You should be working now. (active)
You are supposed to be working now. (passive)
Ví dụ: People believed that he was waiting for his friend (active).
He was believed to have been waiting for his friend. (passive)
 

seagirl_41119

Một thời để nhớ!
Sau khi đưa lí thuyết, mình nghĩ bạn nên post cả bài tập để mọi ng cùng làm. Học mà ko đi đôi với hành thì vô tác dụng
 

bsbdonganh

Manager TTDA
còn đây một số dạng bài tập:

BÀI TẬP VỀ CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG

EXERCISE 1: CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.My father waters this flower every morning.
2.John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
3.Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
4.We should clean our teeth twice a day.
5.Our teachers have explained the English grammar.
6.Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
7.Tom will visit his parents next month.
8.The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning.
9.Did Mary this beautiful dress?
10.I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room.
11.The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War.
12.The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day.
13.Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema.
14.The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week.
15.Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?
16.Some people will interview the new president on TV.
17.How many languages do they speak in Canada?
18.Are you going to repair those shoes?
19.He has broken his nose in a football match.
20.Have you finished the above sentences?

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CÁC MẪU CÂU CƠ BẢN

EXERCISE 2:CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.The waiter brings me this dish.
2.Our friends send these postcards to us.
3.Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.
4.Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
5.You didn’t show me the special camaras.
6.She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
7.He lends his friend his new shoes.
8.She left her relatives five million pounds.
9.The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
10.The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
11.Have you sent the christmas cards to your family?
12.The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.
13.He hides the broken cup in the drawer.
14.They keep this room tidy all the time.
15.They all voted the party a great success.
16.We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.
17.They moved the fridge into the living room.
18.She bought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room.
19.They find the new project worthless.
20.The secretary didn’t take the note to the manager.

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TƯỜNG THUẬT

EXERCISE 3:CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
2.She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
3.Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
4.That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
5.He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
6.They promise that the performance will start on time.
7.He recommends that we should stay at the city center.
8.We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
9.The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.
10.They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium.
11.They have decided that the company will go to the beach together at the weekend.
12.People think that Maradona is the best football player in the 20th century.
13.They find that the job is not suitable for a girl like her.
14.The teacher explained that this powerful engine pulled the train.
15.He told me that his football team had played well last season.

BỊ ĐỘNG VỚI NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ SAI BẢO.

EXERCISE 4:CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.I had my nephew paint the gate last week.
2.She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.
3.They have her tell the story again.
4.John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
5.Anne had had a friend type her composition.
6.Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
7.I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.
8.He had a mechanic repair his car.
9.She often gets the technician to maintain the heater.
10.They had the police arrest the shoplifter.
11.Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes?
12.I must have the dentist check my teeth.
13.She will have a veterinary surgeon examine her dog.
14.We had a man take

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